Paris 1940-1944The daily routine
of Parisians
under the Occupation

  • Paris 1940-1944, The Routine under Siege
  • Masters of the Image
  • The German Presence
  • Paris and Collaboration
  • Expositions
  • Anti-Semitism
  • Deliberately "Blurring Daily Life"
  • Paris is hungry, Paris is cold
  • Production
  • Labor Unions in Disarray
  • The War Goes On
  • Multiple Resistances
  • The Resistance Goes Public
  • Cracking Down
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  • The Original Exhibit at the Réfectoire des Cordeliers in Paris
  • Acknowledgements and credits
  • Accessibility
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  • Français / English
  • Vichy in Paris
  • Collaborationists’ Paris
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"This is where Costantini polishes Hitler's boots, as a good European, naturally. July 1942"


Photograph Leduc
Champigny-sur-Marne, Musée de la Résistance nationale © MRN

In 1940, Pierre Costantini (1889-1980) founded a "ligue française d'épuration, d'entraide sociale et de collaboration européenne." [French League for Purification, Mutual Social Aid and European Collaboration] As a collaborationist, he helped create the Légion des volontaires français contre le bolchévisme (LVF) [Legion of French Volunteers against Bolshevism]. He fled to Germany in 1944.