Paris is hungry,
Paris is cold
Rationing of bread, pasta, and sugar began in September 1940 and was later broadened to include other foodstuffs as well as heating fuel, clothing, shoes, and tobacco. Parisians suffered greatly from hunger and cold during the long, harsh winters, partly due to German requisitioning that was so taxing that it was often criticized in clandestine flyers, but also because of the effects of British blockade. Ration cards separated the population into eleven categories and were insufficient for feeding families, which often depended on "family packages" from the countryside or the black market that quickly developed in the capital. Daily existence was defined by shortages and where rutabagas were everywhere, where endless lines snaked in front of near-empty shops, a new way of managing on the sly arose. Some people did not hesitate to raise chickens or rabbits in their cellars or balconies. But daily life became dramatically more difficult for people labeled Jews by the German 9th Order of July 9, 1942, which allowed them to enter shops only between the hours of 3 and 5 pm.
